Immune

Question: What is the difference between a secondary immune response occurring without a vaccine compared to same respon? of vacination ? A person who has received a vaccine does not have a secondary response, while someone without a vaccine does. A person who has received a vaccine may have a secondary immune response on the first exposure to the normal, living pathogen. Even with a vaccine, someone must still go through development of memory cells before they can have a secondary response. A person who has received a vaccine does not have a secondary response, while someone without a vaccine does; a person who has received a vaccine may have a secondary immune response on the first exposure to the normal, living pathogen; and even with a vaccine, someone must still go through development of memory cells before they can have a secondary response. Even with a vaccine, someone must still go through development of memory cells before they can have a secondary response. A person who has received a vaccine may have a secondary immune response on the first exposure to the normal, living pathogen.

Answer: A person who has received a vaccine may have a secondary immune response on the first exposure to the normal, living pathogen.

Question: What is the immune response to neisseria meningitidis? I have a biology project and am wondering about the immune response to this particular disease or just meningitis. Thanks!

Answer: The major defense mechanisms are the organism is killed by antibody and lytic complement; opsonized and phagocytized.

Question: How to become immune to the Conficker virus tomorrow? Would I be immune to it if I just turned off my computer tomorrow? (The virus is supposed to "detonate" tomorrow) And if so would I get it when I turned my computer back on again?

Answer: april 1st has passed and as you can see, nothing happened. here's some more information about conficker if you're still concerned: http://www.spywarevoid.com/remove-confickerc-conficker-worm-april-1st-problem.html

Question: How are nonspecific immune defences and specific immune defences alike and how are they different? How are they alike and how are they different. Take at least 4 of the following points into consideration: 1. Length of time for protection against pathogens 2. Time taken for cells/barriers to exert their effects on pathogens 3. Renewal of defence structures by the body (e.g. cells, barriers) 4. Effect of age on defence systems 5. Movements of cells involved in defence How are nonspecific immune defences and specific immune defences alike and how are they different? THANK YOU!

Answer: Nonspecific immunity is always present and acts immediately Specific immunity takes a while to develop and has to been infected by a certain antigen to produce antibodies that will help in later attacks(takes days to weeks to develop immunity to something) Both work together to fight off pathogens Vaccines are used to build specific immunity against a certain pathogen After long periods of time specific immunity can fade and you can be susceptible to the pathogen again(danger of chicken pox vaccine....is much more severe in older people and they dont know the exact length that the vaccine/specific immunity will last for)

Question: What is the difference between high tolerance with alcohol and immune to side effects of alcohol? This is Calvin. Being immune to the side effects of alcohol (from beer, wine, or liquor) is somewhat similar to having high tolerance with alcoholic beverages. Both don't have exactly the same definition. What is the difference between being immune to it and having high tolerance? This is a retortical question. And the reason i asked this question was to see what you think about it. Here is the following question: Would you want to be immune to the side effects of alcohol (if you have a chance and there is such advanced techology)? I am not trying to ask a silly question. Please don't say that my questions are lame and that I am ignorant or that I am crazy. Just to see what you think.

Answer: No, high tolerance and immunity from side effects are two entirely different things. "High tolerance" means someone can drink a great deal without appearing to be drunk or tipsy. If someone acts sober after consuming a lot of alcohol (he "knows how to hold his liquor") then this is high tolerance. Rarely, there are people who NEVER have hangovers -- such a personj is immune to the sife effects of alcohol. VERY rarely, ther are people who can drink heavily wtihout any liver damage, so they are immune to another side-effect of alcohol. These immunities have nothing to do with whether that person "holds their liquor" and acts sober.

Question: How Thimesoral amplifies the immune response against virus and not against healthy tissue and good proteins? It is claimed that Thimesoral is added to vaccine to boost the immune response. How does it targets only a respone against the virus and not against healthy cells and proteins that is found normally in the human body?

Answer: You are mistaken - thiomersal's main use is as an antiseptic and antifungal agent. It is used in vaccines as a preservative so they don't get contaminated. Thiomersal is not an adjuvant, which is a compound added to boost immune response. Alum would be an example of an adjuvant. Failure to react to the body healthy tissue is called "tolerance" and is maintained (thankfully) even when generating a powerful immune response to foreign proteins.

Question: Is it possible to become immune to a certain type of marijuana? I know someone that has been smoking marijuana a lot. He gets high the most when he buys from a new dealer. After the initial smokes he doesn't get as high. Can he actually be immune to a certain type of weed.

Answer: It's a psychological thing. Changing from strain to strain will help overcome a perceived tolerance to a sort of weed. I don't mean you can go from a more potent form to a less potent and get higher. I mean if the THC content is consistent with another strain, switching back and forth seems to have some sort of placebo-like effect. The fact remains you do get a tolerance to THC, and that is ultimately what matters;but, if you prepare yourself into thinking "whoa man this weed is the bomb," it usually will be the bomb, but if you keep hitting the bomb, the bomb will lose it's explosive power. It's not that your "friend" is immune, it's that he's tolerant to THC, and even though they are tolerant to the actual drug that matters, their mind will allow them to experience a more powerful perception of being high due to switching strains, that or the other strain has more THC in it. PS-THC=delta9tetrahydrocannibinol, the main active drug in marijuana

Question: What percent of people are immune to cyanide poisoning? What percent of people are immune to cyanide poisoning? Please post a link to your source if you know it! Thanks!

Answer: Im assuming NONE, because i searched for "immune to cyanide" for about 5 minutes with NO results at all... and.. Ive never in my life heard of someone surviving unharmed after being poisoned with cyanide

Question: How do I build up my immune system to poisons? OK yeah this is a weird question I know, but it's important. I need to know how to build up my immune system to different easily put into food and drinks poisons. Thanks!

Answer: to build up immunity you need to give yourself very minute amounts of the poisons to which you are referring and gradually add more and more until you are immune...

Question: How can cancer proliferate, if the immune system destroys it from the beginning? IF the immune system recognizes a cancer cell from the beginning-before it divides greatly-why can't it destroy the cell? If this is naive, it is because I am just learning on the subject.

Answer: Hi Bobby. Your question is excellent and scientific researchers are studying this issue. Please note that Gary's answer is NOT scientifically correct. The immune system, through a process called "Immune Surveillance", does recognize abnormal cells and kill them. However, for a tumor cell to survive and become a cancer cell, it must "learn" to avoid recognition by the immune system - this is termed "escape" from Immune Surveillance. So, cancers develop because cancer cells have mutated in a way that allows them to escape from attacks by the immune system. Here is another key issue involving the immune system and cancer. If Immune Surveillance works, but the immune response fails to kill all of the cancer cells, the ongoing immune response creates an "inflammatory environment" for the remaining cancer cells - an environnent that DRIVES carcinogenesis. In summary, the immune system does identify and kill cancer cells, However, cancer cells can learn to avoid being recognized by the immune system (escape from immune surveillance). Finally, if the immune system responds to tumor/cancer cells but fails to destroy them, the ongoing immune response creates the ideal inflammatory environment for the growth of cancer cells. Best wishes and good luck. Here are links to scientific papers on this subject. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15308095?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_SingleItemSupl.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2742305/?tool=pubmed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20196816 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17029030 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18364000 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19944963

Question: What can I do to boost my immune system? I want to be sure I don't catch whatever sicknesses are going around campus this winter. I already wash my hands and such of course. But any vitamins, minerals, other foods or anything that will boost my immune system? Or does exercise help? Getting enough sleep? Any other tips?

Answer: Keeping healthy, getting the sleep you need, eating right etc. is very important in having a good immune system. Also, keep warm in the cold and cover up exposed areas is important. At the store you can buy echinacea which is an herb to "temporarily" boost your immune system. You don't want to take this every day for the rest of your life though because in the long-run it will weaken your immune system. Also it doesn't hurt to take a daily dose of vitamin C, and even Zinc can help as well. I personally call Zinc, echinacea, and vitamin C the antidote for common colds. If you have a cold you'll get better faster (along with plenty of fluids) and if not, then they all help to prevent them. Take care!

Question: What are some ways to keep your immune system healthy? I don't know much about the immune system, and I would like to know some cool facts about it and ways to keep it healthy. Thanks! Thanks guys! The tips I got were great, and now I know some great ways to keep my immune system healthy. Also, if you know any diseases that affect the IS besides AIDS and autoimmune disease, I would love to know that too. Thanks again!

Answer: Without getting too technical with biology etc I'll give you a straight answer. A healthy immune system is [as you know] directly associated with what foods you eat. I've had a nasty cold for a little over a week now and I've already been prescribed an antibiotic but I find the main ingredient that helps is fresh fruit that contains a lot of Vitamin C. Doctors have recently discovered VC does nothing for colds but it's more about what it does to your bodies immune system in protecting it from further infection. It may not "Cure" a cold but it certainly helps recovery. On a more basic scale, as a day-to-day immunity booster i've usually had drinks such as V8 juice or tomato juice because it provides my body with plenty of vitamins that assist in stamina, energy, alertness and also good skin. It's almost like having a nice shower in the morning but for the inside of your body. Lots of water, fresh fruit, fresh veggies, beef (for iron) and plenty of milk for calcium. It might sound typical but you can't go wrong with the pyramid table of healthy eating. It's all about the right vitamins in keeping your immune system working at it's fullest potential.

Question: How important is sleep for a strong immune system? I've been eating really healthy, and getting exercise, but I've gotten sick twice already. Both colds have ended up ear infections. I haven't been getting enough sleep though. Is it really that important for a strong immune system?

Answer: wow sleep is the number one thing you should be concerned about, then the rest of what you are doing. if you do not get enough sleep you will keep getting sick...end of story. your body needs rest to build up more immunity. The Harvard Women’s Health Watch suggests six reasons to get enough sleep: 1. Learning and memory: Sleep helps the brain commit new information to memory through a process called memory consolidation. In studies, people who’d slept after learning a task did better on tests later. 2. Metabolism and weight: Chronic sleep deprivation may cause weight gain by affecting the way our bodies process and store carbohydrates, and by altering levels of hormones that affect our appetite. 3. Safety: Sleep debt contributes to a greater tendency to fall asleep during the daytime. These lapses may cause falls and mistakes such as medical errors, air traffic mishaps, and road accidents. 4. Mood: Sleep loss may result in irritability, impatience, inability to concentrate, and moodiness. Too little sleep can also leave you too tired to do the things you like to do. 5. Cardiovascular health: Serious sleep disorders have been linked to hypertension, increased stress hormone levels, and irregular heartbeat. 6. Disease: Sleep deprivation alters immune function, including the activity of the body’s killer cells. Keeping up with sleep may also help fight cancer

Question: Would allergies to aniamls stimulatilate the immune systerm all the time? If someone live with a animal like a dog or cat and was allergic to them.Would that similate there immune systerm.Because there immune systerm is being stimulated all the time.Does that give them a stronger immune systerm than normal people.

Answer: Yes, it can. You can have continual allergic reaction to something like a cat, it might not be a severe one but can be stuff like wheezing, constant rashes, or things like that. Some people do become immune to the allergen, or at least appear desensitized, but other people will just continue to get worse until they have a full blown asthma attack or even anaphlaxsis.

Question: If you have an extremely strong immune system, can you fight off or become immune to malaria? If you have an extremely strong immune system, can you fight off or become immune to malaria? Cause many tribes don't seem to get malaria and the locals don't in those areas.

Answer: No, tribes drink medical herbals very often to ward off the disease.

Question: What can you do to strengthen your immune system? We are all being plagued by constant threats to our health with the change in weather, pollution, and our lifestyles. Especially in the time of the swine-flu, common cold and other ailments, how can we strengthen our immune system so we have a stronger chance of fighting infections? Do you know of any home remedies or best practices?

Answer: Oh! All we have to do is to strictly adhere to the food that our body is designed for! All animals and living creatures in free state do the same thing, and their immunity levels are ever at its peak! And when our health is taken care of, we have much higher responsibilities, as 'humans'! Right now, we are at a great struggle to manage our food even! See, we are the only living creatures that have to "earn" our food, work for it! Food happens for 'free', even now, for all other living beings (not in captivity, of course)!