Soluble

Question: Why are some ionic substances soluble in water and others are not? Why are some ionic substances soluble in water and others are not? Why are some molecular substances soluble in water and others are not? Please explain in detail using the term of solubility =] Thanks and Gracias~!

Answer: In order for substance to be soluble in water it has to interact with the ionic nature of water effectively. A water molecule is polar, meaning that the oxygen has a partial negative charge and the hydrogens have a partial positive charge. Many ionic substances are soluble because upon entering water they separate into their respective ions, positive and negative, which interact effectively with the polar nature of water. The negative ions interact with the positive hydrogens and the positive ions interact with the negative oxygen of water. Now not all ionic substances are soluble in water, that is because the ions attraction to each other is stronger than their attraction to water. Thus these substances do not break apart into their ions. As for molecular substances, the same kind of reasoning is involved as for ionic substances. If a molecular substance can interact with the polar nature of water it will be soluble in water, if it can't if will be insoluble. Take oil for instance, oil and water will not mix. This is because there is no charge in oil, only C's and H's, and due to this it can not interact with the charges of the water molecule and thus is not soluble in water. However if we look a ethanol, it has an OH group which is polar, it does dissolve in water because the polar OH group can interact with the charges of water and thus ethanol is soluble in water.

Question: How can I tell if a molecule is soluble in various types of liquids? Is there any online calculator? Any protocol? Any parameters? I know very little about chemistry and I need to know how I can tell if various types of molecules are soluble, very soluble, or not at all soluble in various types of liquids.

Answer: Yes, the "solubility parameter" is a method well known for predicting which solvents particular polymers or large molecules will dissolve in, based on the functional groups of the solute. Generally, the closer the solubility parameter of the solute is to the solvent, the more likely the material is to dissolve. Unfortunately, this solubility parameter calculator is not free on the net, it is a commercial program. Just as well, since you say you don't know much chemistry, so you probably couldn't use it anyway, However, check out the following pdf file: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/img/assets/3900/Polymer_Solutions.pdf The entrants of Table III are listed according to increasing solubility parameters. Two materials of equal solubility parameters will very likely be mutually soluble, especially if the have the same H-bonding strength. If your material is similar to the ones in the table, this should help.

Question: How to pulverize into a water soluble powder? I have a powder mix that is non-water soluble - it basically floats around in the water and eventually settles. Does anyone know of a household or commercial kitchen tool or device (preferably not tooo expensive!) that will pulverize dry solids / powders into a water soluble or at least an extremely fine powder?

Answer: If it's not water soluble, then it's just not. It won't matter how fine you crush it, it still won't disolve in water. You need to change the chemical properties of your powder or of the water to make it dissolve. Sometimes super-heating your water in the microwave will work. Sometimes mixing the powder with something else will work. Chemically speaking there is not enough information to answer your question.

Question: What does it mean if an ionic compound is moderately soluble? In my textbook it says that slightly soluble and insoluble are basically the same thing, but it doesn't say what moderately soluble is. Is it soluble or not? I know what insoluble and slightly soluble mean, but what is moderately soluble?

Answer: It just means that is more soluble than slightly soluble.

Question: How do you determine which salt is more soluble? What do you look at to determine the more soluble salt? For instance, sodium chloride is more soluble than silver chloride. Why is this so?

Answer: It would depend on just how much of the salt will dissolve completely in water or some other liquid.

Question: What is the difference between soluble and insoluble? Also, can only a soluble give a precipitate? If so, does this mean they are Cations ?

Answer: A product (called solute) is soluble in a solvent when after mixing you have an homogeneous liquid and you can not discriminate between solute and solvent

Question: How can you tell a highly soluble salt by merely looking at the formula? A teacher gives me a compound, now how can I tell if it is highly soluble or not by looking at it?

Answer: Yes. Compounds are particularly soluble in water if they are nitrates or acetates, or if the positive ions are alkali metals or ammonium. Some compounds like ammonium nitrate and sodium hydroxide absorb moisture from the air to form solutions. Metal sulfates are also usually water soluble, but not as much as nitrates or acetates. Salts of metals such as mercury, silver, or lead are usually insoluble unless they are nitrates or acetates.

Question: How does one remove non-water soluble glue from the face of an antique bisque doll? I bought an antique Armand Marseille doll on ebay awhile back. Although it was not listed in the description and could not be seen from the pics, someone had tried to reset the dolls eyes and teeth with non-water soluble glue. I was able to loosen the glue enough to remove the eyes and teeth so that I could properly reset them, but there is glue on her face that won't come off with soap and warm water. This glue is like Crazy Glue or Super Glue. Does anyone know how to remove it without damaging the bisque?

Answer: http://www.dollcradle.com/dollhospital.nxg I would contact these people especially with something as valuable as your doll.. i am sure they can tell you what to use and where you can purchase it.. maybe even directly through them good luck

Question: What are some of the affects of excess soluble and insoluble nutrients in the ocean? And how do they affect marine life? For example, like salt is a soluble nutrient, how would excess salt affect the ocean and its marine life.

Answer: carbon dioxide and sunlight absorption changing pollution levels and the temperature of the water.

Question: How do you know whether a compound is soluble or its solubility in water? "write the firrmula of the following compounds and indicate its solubility in water" a) barium hydroxide d) barium sulfate j) potassium nitrate a is soluble d is insoluble and j insoluble, I know that because i have the answers, but why is that?

Answer: If you're in general chemistry, which I am assuming you are, you are simply supposed to follow the solubility rules (nitrates are always soluble, etc.) to determine which salts are soluble and which are not: http://www3.baylor.edu/~Kenneth_Busch/Solubility_Rules.html Here's a more in depth answer: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem03/chem03425.htm

Question: What types of substances are most likely to be soluble in water? What types of substances are most likely to be soluble in water? PLEASE explain your answers! Thanks to all.

Answer: polar molecules For a solution to form, there must be some attraction between the atoms in the solute and those in the solvent. You may recall that all compounds have ionic or covalent bonds. Ionic bonds, formed between metal ions (+) and nonmetal ions (-) are said to be polar. Covalent bonds are found between two non-metallic elements (they share the electrons) and are said to be non-oolar. The most important rule for governing whether a solution will form is summarized by the expression "like dissolves like." Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes (this includes ionic bonds and polar-covalent bonds) and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes. Without a lot of chemical training, it can be difficult to tell which substances will be polar, which will be non-polar and which will have mixed properties. There are two guides that you can use to help you generalize: the chemical formula and what else it mixes with. Polar compounds often have metals in the formula. All compounds containing metal(s) are polar. Compounds containing oxygen tend to be polar or have mixed properties. Compounds that have lots of carbon atoms (organic compounds) tend to be non-polar or have mixed properties.

Question: How can you tell if vitamins are water soluble or fat soluble? I take one a day for womens health and I was wondering either how can I tell if they are fat soluble or water soluble, or if you could just tell me. Thanks

Answer: Here's the deal. When you take a vitamin supplement that is water-soluble, your body metabolizes what it can and flushes out the excess through pee. Your body does not store theses vitamins so it is important to get them daily through diet or a supplement. Vitamin C, vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), and vitamin B9 (Folic Acid) are all water-soluble. Unlike water-soluble vitamins that need regular replacement in the body, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and fatty tissues, and are eliminated much more slowly than water-soluble vitamins. You also need a little fat in your diet to absorb fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble. Since these vitamins are stored in the body, you generally don't need to take supplements of them. You can actually create a toxic build up - oh my! Fit's Tips: If you are taking supplements, make sure you're not taking more of the water-soluble ones than your body can absorb at one time. If you do, you're literally flushing your money down the toilet. Hope this Helps ! :D

Question: What is the most soluble solute I can get to dissolve it in water? It has to be extremely soluble to dissolve 100% in water, which means that is had to be polar

Answer: Since you don't say if the solute should be liquid or solid, two answers are ethanol and methanol. Both are "miscible" in water, meaning they dissolve in each other in all proportions. That's infinite solubility; it's impossible to be more souble than that. Off the top of my head, the only solid material that I can think of that displays miscibility behavior with water is poly(acrylic acid).

Question: What white salt is soluble in water and does not conduct electricity? White solid, Soluble in water but doesn't conduct electricity in water, Insoluble in ethanol and doesn't conduct electricity in ethanol.

Answer: You have received a good answer to your question. But what are you asking? In your main question you say "salt" and then you say "solid". In such a question, this makes a great difference. Please be careful of your terminology. I scrapped my original aswer, because I was not sure what you wanted to know. Any salt, by its definition, will conduct electricity when dissolved in water - no exceptions. But not every white solid will conduct electricity when dissolved in water. You are essentially looking for an organic solid that is soluble in water, and it will not conduct electricity because it does not ionise. I think here of sugar. But sugar is soluble in ethanol, but it will not conduct electrcity in either case. This answer is not of much help to you I guess, but my main purpose was to ask you to be precise in the wording of your question.

Question: How can I clean water soluble painted walls? I live in a rented property and I keep my birds in the spare room. I went to clean the walls the other day as all sorts can get splattered on them and as it turns out, the paint is water soluble so it just came off on the sponge. Is there anyway I can get this cleaned without taking off any more paint? Repainting would be an option, but it would be a pain seeing as I have no colour match! Thanks.

Answer: That must be the world's cheapest paint, or it wasn't applied properly, or it's incredibly old. Water based paint shouldn't come off, wiping with a sponge, after it's dry. I have read that really cheap paint can do so, however, because the ingredients are poor quality. Repainting is really your only option and doing the whole wall would be best. Not yet, perhaps, if you're going to have to wash the walls again.

Question: How are water soluble polymers used in water treatment? I am doing a science project and need a little help getting started. My topic is water soluble polymers and its use in water treatment. I have googled a lot but am having a hard time finding when and why these water soluble polymers are used. If you can help at all I greatly appreciate it :)

Answer: Sodium polyacrylates of various descriptions have been used as boiler scale inhibitors. And Poly(ethyleneinine) has been used to flocculate water at sewage treatment plants. I don't know how much the industry has changed, because that's been 30 years, but I'll bet these may be obsolete by now.