food and nutrition


Orthomolecular

Question: Are you familiar with orthomolecular psychiatry? Good/Bad/Undecided? I already read several books by Roger Williams-(its founder), now I'm looking for people who have tried it. Hmmm...Linus Pauling was the first one to come up with that? I've not read those since 20+ yrs. ago-guess that it's time to re-check... Thanks for your great answer!

Answer: My understanding is that it is a type of non-mainstream approach to mental health, emphasizing natural substances, vitamins and nutrition as primary means of affecting mental health. My opinion is that it is simply another common motif in alternative/fringe medicine, which is to adopt a scientific or medical priniciple, and use that as a means to promote it in extremis without any further science. An example would be homeopathy. Desensitization to allergens and, to some extent, some natural poisons, as well as immunization has been a known phenomenon and studied for a few hundred years. Homeopathy takes these into extremes, claiming that desensitization can be accomplished with and against a wide variety of "toxins," "chemicals," and "diseases." The problem is that homeopathy goes on to assert that all its claims are based on scientific fact and established medical knowledge, which is of course entirely untrue. There is no good data to support homeopathy as effective, other than anecdotes and poorly controlled trials, but this vague connection to some "scientific" principle is its primary selling point. Likewise, orthomolecular psychiatry was a concept first brought up by Linus Pauling (not Roger Williams), where he noted that _specific_ diseases appeared to be the result of _specific_ metabolic deficiencies or defects. For example, pernicious anemia, which is occasionally misdiagnosed as schizophrenia because it shares many psychiatric symptoms, is due to a problem digesting vitamin B12. Therefore, B12 injections are given as treatment for pernicious anemia, and it works great. However, there is _no_ reason to believe that schizophrenia is due to B12 deficiency; in fact, this is one of the tests to distinguish pernicious anemia from schizophrenia. If you give someone psychotic vitamin B12 and they rapidly recover, they probably had pernicious anemia, not schizophrenia. Giving B12 will not treat schizophrenia, nor will it promote good mental health. In fact, the only people who are B12 deficient are those with a metabolic defect in _digesting_ B12. In the US, _nobody_ is B12 deficient because of there diet. If you're one of the ones unable to digest B12, B12 oral supplements will not help you for obvious reasons--it requires injections. Of course, none of this stops people from touting B12 supplements as a way to improve mental health, and to throw around the term "orthomolecular psychiatry" to make it sound like it is based on sound medicine or science. In fact, the term "orthomolecular psychiatry" has become archaic, and in the field the term "psychosomatic medicine" is now used in its place, but clearly some fringe elements have latched onto this disused phrase to push their own products.


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